When did Congress authorize the Medal of Honor?

Congress authorized the Medal of Honor on December 21, 1861. This date marks a significant moment in military history, as the Medal of Honor was established to recognize acts of valor by members of the United States armed forces. The decision was influenced by the Civil War, highlighting the need for a formal way to honor soldiers who showed exceptional bravery in combat. Over time, the Medal of Honor has become the highest military decoration awarded by the United States, symbolizing extraordinary heroism.

The other options refer to dates that do not correspond with the establishment of the Medal of Honor. While July 4, 1862, and November 10, 1870, are important dates in American history, they are unrelated to the creation of the Medal. January 1, 1861, also predates the authorization of the Medal, thus making it an incorrect choice in this context.