Under what circumstances can a Commander order a urine test from a military member?

A Commander can order a urine test from a military member under the circumstance of probable cause of drug ingestion because this situation suggests there is a reasonable basis to suspect the individual has used illegal substances. Probable cause is a legal standard that requires a factual basis, typically derived from observable behavior, credible information, or evidence that suggests the presence of drugs, which legitimizes the need for testing. This authority helps maintain the integrity and readiness of military personnel by ensuring that members are not under the influence of substances that could impair their performance and decision-making abilities.

In contrast, routine health checks on their own do not typically provide grounds for a mandatory urine test regarding substance use, nor do financial issues carry any relevance to drug testing protocols. Mandatory testing every quarter is not a standard practice, as testing schedules vary based on military policies, specific orders, and situational demands rather than a set timeline. Therefore, the option related to probable cause is the most appropriate situation that justifies ordering a urine test.